Bile metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in three species of fish from Morocco. The European conger eel (Conger conger L. Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea and the western Black Sea [1]. It is a benthic fish found on rocky and sandy bottoms [2] living in over 1. Competitive Androgen Receptor Antagonism as a Factor Determining the Predictability of Cumulative Antiandrogenic Effects of Widely Used Pesticides. Seahorse Xf e 24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer-based analysis of cellular respiration in Caenorhabditis elegans. Hen egg lysozyme was hydrolyzed with pepsin in situ on a cation-exchange column to isolate antioxidant peptides. The most cationic fraction was eluted with 1 M NaCl. The European conger eel is an important commercial and recreational fishing species of the northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. It is caught mainly by catch in bottom trawl and demersal long- line fisheries targeting ground fish and deep- water species and is also caught by rod and line [4]. Despite being a geographically widespread species and a commercial resource, the number of studies on this species is very limited. Environmental pollution of fish is a topic of rising attention in Morocco [4, 5]. However, only few studies have been carried out so far, describing the potential threat of organic pollution to Moroccan aquatic ecosystem [6, 7, 8, 9, 1. PAH are ubiquitous environmental contaminants found in marine sediments and waters associated with urbanized estuarine and coastal pollution as well as in rivers [1. PAH are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The latter can be related to pyrolysis and incomplete combustion of organic matter [1. ยท Biomaterials prepared from polyesters of lactic acid and glycolic acid, or a mixture of the two, degrade in the presence of water into the naturally. ![]() Natural sources for PAHs are forest fires and degradation of biological materials, which have led to the presence of these compounds in sediments and to the formation of fossil fuels [1. For the aquatic environment wastewater, atmospheric deposition and petroleum spillage are further prominent sources. PAHs and their intermediate degradation products have the potential to induce toxic or mutagenic effects in fish [1. PAH metabolites in the bile fluid are widely accepted as measures for PAH exposure in fish because of the rapid metabolism of PAH in most vertebrates [1. As a consequence, PAH metabolites in fish are recommended as monitoring parameters in European Seas [1. High- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is widely used for the determination of PAH metabolites in different fish species [2. Teleost fish have a high capacity to metabolize PAHs because of cytochrome P- 4. PAHs to hydroxylated metabolites. The cytochrome P- 4. I metabolism. Teleost fish also have well- developed phase II enzyme systems that can make the hydroxylated metabolites more water soluble. Cytochrome P4. 50. A (CYP1. A), a drug- metabolizing enzyme found in most vertebrates, has been known to be inducible by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. CYP1. A reacts specifically to environmental pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to solubilize them to excrete from the body, and some metabolic intermediates of the environmental pollutants have been proven to be carcinogenic. PAHs induce CYP1. A gene after consecutive binding to cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ah. R) and Ah. R nuclear translocator (ARNT) in nucleus [2. A recent study [2. PAH contamination in European eel caught in Moroccan rivers and lagoons by determining PAH metabolites in the bile fluid. However, no information is available on a possible PAH pollution of marine fish species in Morocco waters. Therefore, three eel species, Anguilla anguilla, Conger conger and Muraenidae, caught in areas with different industrialization levels were investigated. This study aims to provide first information on concentrations of PAH metabolites of Conger eels and Moray in Morocco to compare the levels of PAH metabolites in fish from the lagoon and the open sea and to compare levels of PAH metabolites in different fish species.
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